可靠度评价在建筑防火设计中的应用

提出在建筑结构耐火设计及火灾后建筑物修复设计中进行可靠度理论应用的必要性、可行性与优越性 ,旨在为建筑结构在火灾过程中及灾后的安全性评估提供新的研究思路。     

Route optimization for multiple searchers

We consider a discrete time‐and‐space route‐optimization problem across a finite time horizon in which multiple searchers seek to detect one or more probabilistically moving targets. This article formulates a novel convex mixed‐integer nonlinear program for this problem that generalizes earlier models to situations with multiple targets, searcher deconfliction, and target‐ and location‐dependent search effectiveness. We present two solution approaches, one based on the cutting‐plane method and the other on linearization. These approaches result in the first practical exact algorithms for solving this important problem, which arises broadly in military, rescue, law enforcement, and border patrol operations. The cutting‐plane approach solves many realistically sized problem instances in a few minutes, while existing branch‐and‐bound algorithms fail. A specialized cut improves solution time by 50[percnt] in difficult problem instances. The approach based on linearization, which is applicable in important special cases, may further reduce solution time with one or two orders of magnitude. The solution time for the cutting‐plane approach tends to remain constant as the number of searchers grows. In part, then, we overcome the difficulty that earlier solution methods have with many searchers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

基于系统动力学的部队穿插迂回行动决策

围绕部队穿插迂回行动的两个目标,依据穿插迂回行动过程所具有的多阶段性特征,建立了部队穿插迂回作战行动决策的系统动力学模型,该模型充分考虑了信息化条件下指挥控制、通信网络、后装保障等因素对部队穿插迂回行动的影响,较好地克服了传统建模方法的不足.利用此模型,对某坦克营穿插迂回行动进行了仿真,分析了多种情况下穿插迂回时机和穿插迂回攻击目标的方案选择,为部队穿插迂回行动的正确决策提供了定量依据,说明了该模型的有效性.     

高超声速尖双锥流动高精度数值模拟

以25°/55°尖双锥外形的高超声速低焓层流流动模拟为例,对高阶加权紧致非线性格式模拟激波/边界层干扰流动的能力进行验证和确认。空间离散采用二阶MUSCL和三阶、五阶加权紧致非线性格式,时间离散采用二阶精度双时间步方法,通量函数采用混合Roe-Rusanov,AUSMPW+,Van Leer等,对比了不同精度空间离散格式对时间、网格收敛特性和通量函数耗散特性的影响。数值模拟结果表明采用高精度空间离散格式能在较疏的网格上获得收敛解,并能消除结果对通量函数的敏感性,但收敛需要推进更久的计算时间。数值模拟结果与实验测量结果吻合良好,满足工程精度要求。     

过载系数未知的反舰导弹跃升俯冲过程跟踪算法

针对反舰导弹跃升机动过程的跟踪中,过载系数未知导致跟踪模型与导弹实际运动的不匹配问题,对状态变量进行扩展,应用扩展卡尔曼滤波对过载系数实时估计,实现对跃升俯冲机动过程的跟踪。仿真结果表明,该算法可准确估计出过载系数,显著提高跟踪性能。     

Stochastic production capacity: A bane or a boon for quick response supply chains?

The quick response (QR) system that can cope with demand volatility by shortening lead time has been well studied in the literature. Much of the existing literature assumes implicitly or explicitly that the manufacturers under QR can always meet the demand because the production capacity is always sufficient. However, when the order comes with a short lead time under QR, availability of the manufacturer's production capacity is not guaranteed. This motivates us to explore QR in supply chains with stochastic production capacity. Specifically, we study QR in a two-echelon supply chain with Bayesian demand information updating. We consider the situation where the manufacturer's production capacity under QR is uncertain. We first explore how stochastic production capacity affects supply chain decisions and QR implementation. We then incorporate the manufacturer's ability to expand capacity into the model. We explore how the manufacturer determines the optimal capacity expansion decision, and the value of such an ability to the supply chain and its agents. Finally, we extend the model to the two-stage two-ordering case and derive the optimal ordering policy by dynamic programming. We compare the single-ordering and two-ordering cases to generate additional managerial insights about how ordering flexibility affects QR when production capacity is stochastic. We also explore the transparent supply chain and find that our main results still hold.     

一种消除瞄准线漂移的实现方法

由地球自转引起的瞄准线漂移是坦克火控面临的棘手问题。提出了一种基于惯性姿态信息的瞄准线漂移抑制方法,借助车载惯导系统,获得瞄准镜的地理坐标和姿态信息,计算出地球自转角速率在瞄准镜坐标系上的分量。伺服系统依此向两个方向的控制通道增加补偿值,由此抵消地球自转的影响,乘员就会感到瞄准线始终对准目标,而不会产生偏离,因而省去了频繁调整的工作。该方法既可用于坦克作战训练,也可用于机载或舰载稳瞄装置的调试。     

高校科研团队科技创新能力评价研究

科技创新能力是体现高校综合办学实力的核心指标。以科研团队为视角对高校科技创新能力的评价问题进行了研究,分析了高校团队科技创新能力的要素构成、结构特征,在此基础上从人员队伍、条件基础、文化环境、科技投入、科技产出5个方面出发定义了一个可扩展的团队科技创新能力评价指标模型;提出了基于多属性决策的科技创新能力评价方法,为科研团队绩效管理提供了方法支撑。     

混响和噪声环境下基于角度谱的多声源定位与计数算法

针对混响及噪声环境下的多声源定位与计数问题,引入局部信噪比追踪及相关性检测模块,提取出传统广义互相关角度谱中受噪声及声源互扰影响较小的时频支撑域;同时引入双宽度匹配追踪方法替代传统的峰值搜索,改进后续定位与计数的精确度。仿真研究验证了综合应用滤波后的角度谱及双宽度匹配追踪的多声源定位与计数算法相比传统算法在较低信噪比、较强混响以及较多声源数的环境中更加精确及稳健。     

关联规则在消防接处警数据分析中的应用

阐述了关联规则及Apriori算法的基本概念、基本方法;运用关联规则Apriori算法,对某市2002年至2006年的消防接处警数据进行了初步关联规则挖掘,并给出了挖掘结果的简要说明,为数据挖掘在消防接处警数据分析方面作出了初步的探索。